Iran marks 47th Islamic Revolution anniversary amid pressure from inside and out

Iran marked the 47th anniversary of its 1979 Islamic Revolution on Wednesday, commemorating the overthrow of the Shah and the establishment of the Islamic Republic under Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini . The revolution remains a pivotal event in modern Iranian history, representing the country’s move toward self-governance and the establishment of theocratic structures that continue to shape political life. It is remembered as a symbol of national independence and resistance to external interference .

This year’s commemoration occurred amid domestic unrest and international pressures . Nationwide protests over economic hardship and political grievances have continued since late last year, prompting a government security response that drew international criticism. Reports indicate that thousands were detained or killed during the crackdown.

At Tehran’s Azadi Square , President Masoud Pezeshkian addressed the public , offering an apology to those affected by the protests and subsequent security operations. He stated, “ We are ashamed before the people, and we are obligated to assist all those who were harmed ,” emphasizing that the government does not seek confrontation with citizens. Pezeshkian also denounced Western propaganda regarding the unrest.

While Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei did not appear in person for the main anniversary event , he released a pre-anniversary video message urging Iranians to participate in rallies and emphasizing national unity and defiance against foreign pressure. Analysts note that Khamenei maintains authority through institutional structures such as the Revolutionary Guard and loyal government networks.

Despite recent unrest, images and reports from the anniversary indicate that large-scale protests were largely absent during the celebrations , with citizens attending both official events and smaller demonstrations in an atmosphere that state media described as orderly. Analysts note that while occasional dissent continues, the government appears to have effectively managed public displays of unrest during the national holiday .

The anniversary rallies, held in more than 1,400 locations nationwide , highlighted Iran is celebrating its revolutionary legacy . Citizens waved flags, displayed portraits of revolutionary leaders, and participated in events emphasizing national identity and civic pride .